Morpho-physiological effect of selenium on salinity-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is an important grains plant that can sustain food security and holds high nutritional values to the benefit of mankind. Activities of salinity in arid and semi-arid region have drastically reduced the production of wheat grains. Selenium (Se) is a micronutrient required by plants in small concentration to aid their growth. This study was aimed at identifying impact of Se on salinity-stressed wheat plants. Wheat seeds were soaked for eight hours in 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/L Selenite concentrations and five sterilize-treated seeds were sown in 5 kg quantity of soil. This was subjected to 0, 100 and 200 mM of Sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration, respectively. The study revealed that Se increased production/expression of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes under salinity stress, thus growth of wheat plants was improved. Although the effects of Se on the wheat plants were concentration-based, nevertheless low lipid peroxidation and plant growth at 150 mg/L of Se were observed. Toxicity of Se to wheat plant could occur when there is no salinity stress. Therefore, farmers are encouraged to prime wheat seeds with 150 mg/L Se when cultivating saline soils.

References

Adams ML, Lombi E, Zhao FJ, McGrath SP. Evidence of low selenium concentrations in UK bread-making wheat grain. J Sci Food Agric 2002; 82: 1160–1165.

Aliakbar ED,Ufer AM, and Countryman DDT. An overview of global wheat market fundamentals in an era of climate concerns. Int J Agronomy 2017; https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3931897.

Shu Y, Li T. Breeding major cereal grains through the lens of nutrition sensitivity. Mol Plts 2018; 11:23-30.

Kochak-Zadeh A, Seyyed-Hashem M, Eshraghi-Nejad M. The effect of salinity stress on germination and seedling growth of native and breeded varieties of wheat. JNAPS 2013; 2 : 703-9.

Ibrahim EA.Sseed priming to alleviate salinity stress in germinating seeds. J Plt Phys 2016; 192:38-46.

Goldani M, Latifi N. Effect of salinity on germination and seedling growth of three cultivars of wheat. J Agr Sci Nat Res 2006; 2: 47-52.

Asgharipour MR, Rafiei M. Effect of salinity on germination and seedling growth of lentils. Austr J Basic Appl Sci 2011; 5(11): 2002-4.

Jaleel CA, Sankar B, Sridharan R, Panneereselvam R. Soil salinity alters growth,chlorophyll content, and secondary metabolite accumulation in Catharanthus roseus. Turk J Bio 2008; 32: 79-83.

Rui MAM, Ricardo PS. Soil salinity: Effect on vegetable crop growth management practices to prevent and mitigate soil salinization. horticulturae 2017;3:30.

Begum F, Ahmed IM, Nessa A, Sultan W. The effect of salinity on seed quality of wheat. J Bangl Agr Uni 2010;8: 19–22.

Meetu G, Shikha G. An overview of selenium uptake, metabolism and toxicity in plants. Frot Plt Sci 2016; 7:2074.

Hajiboland R, Amjad L. Does antioxidant capacity of leaves play a role in growth response to selenium at different sulfur nutritional status? Plt Soil Envr 2007; 53:207–15.

Jisha KC, Vijayakumari K, Puthur TJ. Seed priming for abiotic stress tolerance: an overview. Acta Phys Plt 2013; 35: 1381–96.

Paparella S, Araujo SS, Rossi G. et al. Seed priming: state of the art and new perspectives. Plt Cell Reports. 2015; 34: 1281–93.

Javid N, Muhammad H, Abdul J, et al. Seed priming: a technique. IJACS 2013; 6: 1373-81.

Min Y. Seed priming stimulate germination and early seedling growth of chinese cabbage under drought resistance. S Afr J Bot 2015; 99: 88-92.

Xu S, Hu J, Li Y, et al. Chilling tolerance in Nicotiana tabacum induced by seed priming with putrescine. Plt Gr Reg 2011; 63, 279–90.

Zhen M, Tao Y, Hussain S, et al. Seed priming in dry direct-seeded rice: consequences for emergence, seedling growth and associated metabolic events under drought stress. Plt Growth Reg 2015; 78:167–78.

Hussain S, Khan F, Cao W, et al. Seed priming alters the production and detoxification of reactive oxygen intermediates in rice seedlings grown under sub-optimal temperature and nutrient supply. Frontiers Plt Sci 2016; 7: 1-13.

Rajpar I, Khanif YM, Memon AA. Effect of seed priming on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under non-saline conditions. Int J Agr Res 2006;1:259-264.

Summiya F, Mujtaba SM, Khan MA, Wajid M. . Morpho-physiological assessment of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for drought stress tolerance at seedling stage. Pak J Bot 2017; 49: 445-52.

Allan RW. The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b ,as well as total carotenoids, using various solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution. J Plt Phys 1974; 144:307-13.

Nwose C. Changes in the activity os Ascorbate Peroxidase under Anaerobiosis in Cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta).Pak J Biol Sci 2014; 1:138-140.

Aebi HB. Isolation,purification,characterization and assay of antioxygenic enzymes.Mthds in Enzy.1984;105:121-26.

Mcord JM, Fridovich,I. Superoxide dismutase: an enzyme function for erythrocuprein.(hermocupein).J Biol Chem 1969; 244:6049-55.

Smerg J, Sharma M..Possible Mechanism of Murraya Koeniqii and Cinnamomum tamala with reference to antioxidant activity. Int Journal of Pharm Sci drug Res 2011; 33:260-264.

Parihar P, Singh S, Singh R, et al. Effect of salinity stress on plants and its tolerance strategies: a review. Envr Sci Poll Res 2014; 22:3739

Hemantaranjan EA. Advances in plant physiology. Scientific Publisher (India), Jodhpur 2012; 13:389-414.

Martha ES, Adalberto B, Norma AR, et al. Sodium selenite treatment of vegetable seeds and seedlings and the effect on antioxidant status. Emir J Food Agr 2016; 28: 589-93.

Santos-Vazquez M, Benavides-Mendoza A. Sodium selenite treatment of vegetable seeds and seedlings and the effect on antioxidant status.Emirate J. Food and Agr 2016; 28:589-93.