167 | The importance of personalized oxygen-ozone dosing in systemic therapy: algorithmic solutions for regenerative medicine

Antonio Galoforo¹, Paolo Bonivento² | ¹Tavolo Tecnico “Salute ed Ambiente”, Intergruppo parlamentare “One Health”, Camera dei Deputati, Roma, Italy; ²RING - ODR Research Innovation Networking Generation, Organismo di Ricerca, Milano, Italy.

Abstract

Systemic oxygen-ozone (O₂-O₃) therapy, often administered via major autohemotherapy (MAH), has emerged as a promising complementary intervention for a spectrum of pathologies, ranging from chronic inflammatory diseases and ischemic disorders to viral infections and age-related degenerative conditions. The therapeutic efficacy of ozone relies on its capacity to induce a mild, transient oxidative stress, which triggers a cascade of adaptive responses. These responses include the upregulation of antioxidant systems (such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase), the modulation of the immune system, and the improvement of oxygen delivery to tissues through 2,3-diphosphoglycerate activation. However, the clinical application of (O₂-O₃) therapy is currently hindered by a one-size-fits-all approach to dosing. This paper argues that the standardization of protocols without regard for individual biological variability is a critical limitation, leading to inconsistent clinical outcomes and potential safety concerns. Consequently, we propose that the future of systemic ozone therapy lies in the development and implementation of algorithmic solutions for personalized dosing. In conclusion, the transition from empirical to computational, precision-based medicine is essential for the maturation of oxygen-ozone therapy. By leveraging algorithmic solutions to tailor dosing to the unique oxidative fingerprint of each patient, clinicians can maximize the hormetic benefits of ozone while minimizing risks. This paradigm shift not only standardizes the methodology of determining the dose but also elevates the scientific credibility and reproducibility of systemic ozone therapy, paving the way for its broader acceptance in mainstream medical practice.