Kikuchi lymphadenitis, a rare case: an overview of its clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic approaches

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare, self-limiting condition typically presenting with lymphadenopathy and fever. The etiology remains unclear, but it is thought to be associated with viral infections and autoimmune processes.

We report a case of a female who presented with cervical lymphadenopathy. An excisional biopsy of the lymph node was performed, showing characteristic histopathological features of KFD.

Based on the clinical presentation and histopathological findings, a diagnosis of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease was made. 

The patient was managed with supportive care, including antipyretics and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). No antibiotics or corticosteroids were administered. The patient's symptoms gradually resolved over a period.

Follow-up at three months revealed the resolution of symptoms with no recurrence. The patient remained asymptomatic at subsequent visits.

KFD should be considered in young patients presenting with fever and lymphadenopathy. Diagnosis is confirmed through lymph node biopsy demonstrating characteristic histopathological features. The disease typically follows a benign course with spontaneous resolution, and management is primarily supportive.