https://www.pagepressjournals.org/chest/issue/feed Chest Disease Reports 2025-02-04T11:00:06+00:00 Laura Bergamaschi laura.bergamaschi@pagepress.org Open Journal Systems <p><strong>Chest Disease Reports</strong> is an Open Access, peer-reviewed international medical journal devoted entirely to the study, diagnosis, and treatment of all conditions of chest-related diseases. These include – but are not limited to – pulmonology, respiratory medicine, cardiology, thoracic surgery and transplantation, critical care, abdomen and chest disease, and sleep medicine. The primary intent of the Journal will be to rapidly publish clinically relevant information that will directly improve the care of patients. Basic science studies and experimental papers of interest to those treating disorders will also be considered for publication.</p> <p><strong>Chest Disease Reports does not apply charges for submission nor publication </strong><strong>as it is supported by institutional funds.</strong></p> https://www.pagepressjournals.org/chest/article/view/12824 An interesting case of Ascaris in pleural effusion 2025-01-23T13:50:44+00:00 Mandeep Singh mandeepsingh27@gmail.com Navdeep Singh mandeepsingh27@gmail.com Kiran Chikkanahalli Subbarao mandeepsingh27@gmail.com Renuka Bajaj mandeepsingh27@gmail.com Avneet Boparai mandeepsingh27@gmail.com <p>In developing countries like India, parasitic infections continue to be an important medical problem. The pulmonary involvement by Ascaris in the form of hypersensitivity reaction in the lungs has been well documented in the literature. However, the involvement of the pleural space is very rarely seen. Herein, we describe a case of a 32-year-old male patient who was found to have involvement of the pleural space by Ascaris and showed excellent response to anti-helminthic treatment. The report highlights the importance of considering Ascaris infection of the pleural space in those with lymphocytic predominant exudative pleural effusion. In tuberculosis-endemic countries, such cases are usually misdiagnosed and mistreated before the correct diagnosis is made. Thus, every effort should be made to make a final diagnosis before initiating treatment. </p> 2025-01-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s) https://www.pagepressjournals.org/chest/article/view/13451 Atypical presentation of pulmonary aspergilloma in an immunocompetent individual: a case study and clinical conundrum 2025-02-04T11:00:06+00:00 Abdelhalim Boucaid abdelhalim.boucaid@gmail.com Hicham Souhi souhi86@gmail.com Abderahmane Ismail Rhorfi rhorfi.ismail@gmail.com Mohamed Bhairis Mohamed.bhairis@gmail.com Mouaad Amraoui mouaad.amraoui@gmail.com El Hassane Kabiri Seasonfivex@gmail.com Hanane El Ouazzani abdelhalim.boucaid@gmail.com <p>Pulmonary aspergilloma typically develops in pre-existing lung cavities, while hemoptysis is the most recognized complication, spontaneous pneumothorax in immunocompetent patients is exceptionally rare.</p> <p>We report a case of a 58-year-old immunocompetent male who presented with acute respiratory distress due to spontaneous pneumothorax. Chest imaging revealed an aspergilloma with cavity rupture into the pleural space. Despite chest tube drainage, persistent pneumothorax necessitated surgical intervention. The patient underwent conservative thoracotomy and received six months of voriconazole therapy, achieving complete recovery.</p> <p>This case highlights an unusual presentation of pulmonary aspergilloma, emphasizing the importance of considering fungal etiology in post-tuberculosis patients presenting with pneumothorax.</p> 2025-02-04T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s) https://www.pagepressjournals.org/chest/article/view/12655 Double trouble - <i>Burkholderia cepacia</i> infection in a patient with a malignant cavitary lesion 2025-01-16T10:19:58+00:00 Pradeep Bajad pradeepbajad@gmail.com Sourabh Pahuja doctorsourabh628@gmail.com Arjun Khanna doc.khanna@gmail.com Satyam Agarwal satyamagarwal95@gmail.com <p><em>Burkholderia cepacia</em> is typically a pathogenic microorganism that tends to infect immunocompromised or hospitalized patients. It is also linked with infections in patients with cystic fibrosis and underlying structural lung diseases. Here, we report a rare case of <em>Burkholderia cepacia</em> infection in a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patient with a malignant cavitary lesion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of such a presentation.</p> 2025-01-16T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s) https://www.pagepressjournals.org/chest/article/view/13317 An unusual case of focal seizures after a therapeutic dose of isoniazid: a case report 2025-01-16T10:19:48+00:00 Rabeea Ausaf rabeea_ausaf@yahoo.com Syed Zeeshan waheed szwaheed@gmail.com Atta Ur Rehman atadowite@yahoo.com <p>Tuberculosis remains a major cause of morbidity in endemic areas. Isoniazid (INH) is an important first-line agent for its treatment. Its major adverse effects include hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Neurological side effects usually occur at toxic doses; however, few cases have reported generalized seizures at therapeutic doses. Focal seizures after therapeutic doses are rare. Here, we present the case of a 78-year-old male diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and pulmonary tuberculosis who experienced focal seizures after INH administration. No structural, metabolic, or infectious cause was found. The seizures stopped after discontinuation of the drug, which confirmed the diagnosis.</p> 2025-01-16T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s) https://www.pagepressjournals.org/chest/article/view/13300 Refractory sarcoidosis presenting as chylothorax: a case report 2025-01-16T10:19:51+00:00 Hüseyin Döngelli drhuseyindongelli@gmail.com Ahmet Merih Birlik drhuseyindongelli@gmail.com <p>Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous autoinflammatory disease that primarily affects lymphoid organs, the skin, and the lungs. While recurrent pleural effusion is documented in sarcoidosis, chylothorax is exceedingly rare.</p> <p>We present a male patient in his seventies who presented to the emergency department with long-standing fatigue, a ten-kilogram weight loss over six months, new-onset snoring, and nasal congestion. Evaluations, including respiratory function tests and chest computed tomography, revealed findings consistent with sarcoidosis, such as hilar lymphadenopathy, reduced carbon monoxide diffusion, and elevated serum angiotensin-converting enzyme levels, along with pleural effusion. Analysis of the pleural fluid showed it to be exudative, with high triglycerides level. We concluded that chylothorax resulted from extensive lymph node involvement.</p> <p>During two years of follow-up, combinations of methylprednisolone and other immunosuppressants were ineffective, leading to disease progression. Infliximab was then initiated, resulting in a dramatic clinical response and improvement in Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography (PET/CT) imaging.</p> 2025-01-16T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s) https://www.pagepressjournals.org/chest/article/view/12692 Is the coexistence of pulmonary sarcoidosis and multiple sclerosis possible? An unusual case report 2025-01-16T10:19:55+00:00 Marco Umberto Scaramozzino scaramozzinomarco91@gmail.com Veronica Nassisi veronica.nassisi@gmail.com Giovanni Sapone giovanni.saponeg@libero.it <p>Neurosarcoidosis and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are both inflammatory disorders of the Central Nervous System (CNS), often presenting with overlapping clinical features, making differential diagnosis challenging. Neurosarcoidosis affects approximately 5-15% of systemic sarcoidosis patients and can mimic MS due to similar CNS involvement. Differentiation is critical, as treatment strategies vary significantly. Recent studies highlight that Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) analysis can aid in distinguishing these conditions. Key markers include elevated CSF white cell count, CSF lactate levels, and the absence of oligoclonal bands specific to MS. Radiological differences, such as distinct Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings, also contribute to accurate diagnosis. While neurosarcoidosis is less common than MS, it remains a crucial differential diagnosis due to its potential for severe neurological outcomes. Further research is needed to refine non-invasive diagnostic criteria, potentially reducing reliance on CNS biopsy for definitive diagnosis.</p> 2025-01-16T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s) https://www.pagepressjournals.org/chest/article/view/12743 A case report of co-infection with two atypical pathogens: a particular case report 2025-01-16T10:19:53+00:00 Marco Umberto Scaramozzino scaramozzinomarco91@gmail.com Veronica Nassisi veronica.nassisi@gmail.com Francesco Loddo france.loddo@gmail.com Giovanni Sapone giovanni.saponeg@libero.it <p>This case report describes a young asthmatic patient who contracted a dual infection with <em>Chlamydia pneumoniae</em> and <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em>. The co-infection exacerbated the asthmatic symptoms, leading to significant complications. A literature review highlights how such atypical infections can aggravate respiratory conditions in patients with pre-existing asthma. Clinical patient management, including antibiotic therapy and respiratory support, led to a progressive resolution of the clinical picture. This case underscores the importance of considering atypical infections in the differential diagnosis of asthmatic patients with acute symptom worsening.</p> 2025-01-16T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s)