https://doi.org/10.4081/jbr.2026.14745
Influence of urban and rural living environments on body measures, strength and lifestyle among first-year university students
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Published: 14 April 2026
Primary prevention is particularly relevant for young adults experiencing major life changes that may affect their health. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the physical condition and lifestyle of first-year university students, with a focus on differences by sex and area of origin (urban or rural). The sample consisted of 315 students (59% female, 41 % male; aged 18-25). Of these, 159 (62% female) were from urban areas, while 156 (57% female) were from rural areas. Anthropometric characteristics, body mass index, waist-to-height ratio and Handgrip Strength (HGS) were measured; Fat Mass (FM%), Fat Free Mass (FFM%) and Muscular Mass (MM%) were estimated through bioelectrical impedance vector analysis. Physical activity and the adherence to the mediterranean diet were also assessed. Males showed significantly higher values than females in all anthropometric traits, body composition, HGS and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Rural males reported lower FM% and higher MM% than urban males. Rural groups had a lower prevalence of being overweight. Our findings suggest an association between environmental context and certain body measurements, particularly in males.
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