Miliary Tuberculosis in In Vitro Fertilization pregnancy: a series of three cases with a history of hypothyroidism
https://doi.org/10.4081/cdr.12.12190
Accepted: 24 January 2024
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of tuberculosis as compared to normal pregnancy. This increased risk remains unexplained. Most of the reports are based on small case series, and the risk profile is not well described. Hypothyroidism has not been described as a potential risk factor in any series. In this case series, we elaborate on the profile of three military tuberculosis cases of IVF pregnancies, all having hypothyroidism history as the common factor, and were referred to our super-specialty center with the onset of symptoms during the late first or mid-second trimester of pregnancy. All three cases were diagnosed on X-ray chest Posterior-Anterior (PA) view, showing miliary tuberculosis and a known case of hypothyroidism. Antitubercular treatment was started. In this report, we describe the clinical course and unfavorable outcomes of these three cases.
World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report. 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/teams/global-tuberculosis-programme/tb-reports/global-tuberculosis-report-2022
World Health Organization. Fact Sheet on Tuberculosis. 2023. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis
Wang K, Ren D, Qiu Z, Li W. Clinical analysis of pregnancy complicated with miliary tuberculosis. Ann Med. 2022;54:71-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2021.2018485
Bates M, Ahmed Y, Kapata N, et al. Perspectives on tuberculosis in pregnancy. Int J Infect Dis. 2015;32:124-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2014.12.014
Vohra S, Dhaliwal HS. Miliary Tuberculosis. 2023. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562300/
Addis GM, Anthony GS, d'A Semple P, Miller AW. Miliary tuberculosis in an in-vitro fertilization pregnancy: a case report. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1988;27:351-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-2243(88)90049-4
Hongbo L, Li Z. Miliary tuberculosis after in vitro fertilization and embryo transplantation. Afr Health Sci. 2015;15:701-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v15i2.50
Dong S, Zhou R, Peng E, He R. Analysis of clinical features and risk factors in pregnant women with miliary pulmonary tuberculosis after in vitro fertilization embryo transfer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022;12:885865. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.885865
Gai X, Chi H, Cao W, et al. Acute miliary tuberculosis in pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: a report of seven cases. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21:913. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06564-z
Ye R, Wang C, Zhao L, et al. Characteristics of miliary tuberculosis in pregnant women after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2019;23:136-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.18.0223
Cheng LT, Chung CH, Peng CK, et al. Bidirectional relationship between tuberculosis and hypothyroidism: an 18-year nationwide population-based longitudinal cohort study. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022;9:900858. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.900858
Copyright (c) 2024 the Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Downloads
Citations
