Effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves of mobile phone stations on male fertility

Submitted: April 23, 2024
Accepted: June 22, 2024
Published: October 2, 2024
Abstract Views: 1374
PDF: 310
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Authors

Purpose: To determine the effect of electromagnetic waves of mobile phone stations on several sperm parameters and the male reproductive system.
Methods: This observational study was performed on 216 subjects, aged 18-60 years. Two equal groups of subjects were assigned to group A (study group) if they were living close to cell phone tower stations for at least 6 months and group B (control group) formed from individuals living 100 meters away from cell phone tower stations. Every subject underwent a comprehensive history taking, a clinical assessment, and laboratory testing.
Results: Regarding morphology index in the studied groups, the exposed group exhibited a trend of reduced percentage of normal morphology compared to the non-exposed group, with no statistical difference between the two groups. Regarding the total sperm motility (A+B+C) and progressive sperm motility (A+B) in the studied groups, the exposed group showed a trend of decreased total sperm motility and of progressive sperm motility in contrast to the non-exposed group, with no statistical difference between the two groups.
Conclusions: Personal wrong lifestyles with exposure to electromagnetic waves have shown a trend towards a reduced percentage of normal morphology and reduced motility although nonstatistically significant compared with non-exposed populations.

Dimensions

Altmetric

PlumX Metrics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Zhu C, Yan L, He C, et al. Incidence and risk factors of infertility among couples who desire a first and second child in Shanghai, China: a facility-based prospective cohort study. Reprod Health. 2022;19:155-65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-022-01459-x
Babakhanzadeh E, Nazari M, Ghasemifar S, et al. Some of the factors involved in male infertility: A prospective review. Int J Gen Med. 2020;13:29-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S241099
Hasan I, Rubayet Jahan M, Nabiul Islam M, et al. Effect of 2400 MHz mobile phone radiation exposure on the behavior and hippocampus morphology in Swiss mouse model. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2022;29:102-110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.063
Chu KY, Khodamoradi K, Blachman-Braun R, et al. Effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation emitted by modern cellphones on sperm motility and viability: An in vitro study. Eur Urol Focus. 2023;9:69-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euf.2022.11.004
La Vignera S, Condorelli RA, Vicari E, et al. Effects of the exposure to mobile phones on male reproduction: a review of the literature. J Androl. 2012;33:350-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2164/jandrol.111.014373
Okechukwu CE. Does the use of mobile phone affect male fertility? A mini-review. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2020;13:174-183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jhrs.JHRS_126_19
Mannucci A, Argento FR, Fini E, et al. The impact of oxidative stress in male infertility. Front Mol Biosci. 2021;8:799-813. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.799294
Houston BJ, Nixon B, Martin JH, et al. Heat exposure induces oxidative stress and DNA damage in the male germ line. Biol Reprod. 2018;98:593-606. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioy009
Dasdag S, Ketani MA, Akdag Z, et al. Whole-body microwave exposure emitted by cellular phones and testicular function of rats. Urol Res. 1999;27:219-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002400050113
Zhang S, Mo F, Chang Y, et al. Corrigendum to: Effects of mobile phone use on semen parameters: a cross-sectional study of 1634 men in China. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2022;34:1145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/RD21234_CO
Hatch EE, Willis SK, Wesselink AK, et al. Male cellular telephone exposure, fecundability, and semen quality: results from two preconception cohort studies. Hum Reprod. 2021;36:1395-1404. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deab001
Kesari KK, Agarwal A, Henkel R. Radiations and male fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2018;16:118-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-018-0431-1
Al-Bayyari N. The effect of cell phone usage on semen quality and fertility among Jordanian males. Middle East Fertil Soc J. 2017;22:178-182. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2017.03.006
Ding SS, Sun P, Zhang Z, et al. Moderate dose of trolox preventing the deleterious effects of wi-fi radiation on spermatozoa in vitro through reduction of oxidative stress damage. Chin Med J (Engl). 2018;131:402-412. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0366-6999.225045
Hamada AE, Bakri S, Belal A, et al. The effect of some lifestyle behaviours on male fertility and their effect on sperm quality and linking its quality to fertilization during intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). EAJBSZ. 2023;15:103-109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2023.322906
Agarwal A, Desai NR, Makker K, et al. Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves (RF-EMW) from cellular phones on human ejaculated semen: an in vitro pilot study. Fertil Steril. 2009;92:1318-1325. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.08.022
Zalata A, El-Samanoudy AZ, Shaalan D, et al. In vitro effect of cell phone radiation on motility, DNA fragmentation and clusterin gene expression in human sperm. Int J Fertil Steril. 2015;9:129-36.
Erogul O, Oztas E, Yildirim I, et al. Effects of electromagnetic radiation from a cellular phone on human sperm motility: an in vitro study. Arch Med Res. 2006;37:840-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2006.05.003
Gorpinchenko I, Nikitin O, Banyra O, et al. The influence of direct mobile phone radiation on sperm quality. Cent European J Urol. 2014;67:65-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5173/ceju.2014.04.art26
Rahban R, Senn A, Nef S, et al. Association between self-reported mobile phone use and the semen quality of young men. Fertil Steril. 2023;120:1181-1192. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.09.009
Al-Quzwini OF, Al-Taee HA, Al-Shaikh SF. Male fertility and its association with occupational and mobile phone towers hazards: An analytic study. Middle East Fertil Soc J. 2016;21:236-240. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2016.03.002
Makker K, Varghese A, Desai NR, et al. Cell phones: modern man's nemesis? Reprod Biomed Online. 2009;18:148-57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1472-6483(10)60437-3
Mortimer D, Barratt CL, Björndahl L, et al. What should it take to describe a substance or product as 'sperm-safe'. Hum Reprod Update. 2013;19:1-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmt008
Fejes I, Závaczki Z, Szöllosi J, et al. Is there a relationship between cell phone use and semen quality? Arch Androl. 2005;51:385-93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/014850190924520
Adams JA, Galloway TS, Mondal D, et al. Effect of mobile telephones on sperm quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Int. 2014;70:106-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.015
Larsen L, Scheike T, Jensen TK, et al. Computer-assisted semen analysis parameters as predictors for fertility of men from the general population. The Danish First Pregnancy Planner Study Team. Hum Reprod. 2000;15:1562-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/15.7.1562
Rago R, Salacone P, Caponecchia L, et al. The semen quality of the mobile phone users. J Endocrinol Invest. 2013;36:970-4.
Darvish L, Amraee A, Akhavan Amjadi M, et al. The impact of radiofrequency waves on male infertility: A systematic review [Systematic Review]. Shiraz E-Med J. 2020;22:101-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5812/semj.101741

How to Cite

Gharib , T. M., Almekaty, K., Abdel Aal , A. M., Abdel-Al, I., Deif , H., Hassan , G. M., Haty, A., & Alhefnawy , M. A. (2024). Effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves of mobile phone stations on male fertility. Archivio Italiano Di Urologia E Andrologia, 96(3). https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2024.12595