Pathways of Change
Vol. 13 No. s2 (2025): Pathways of Change, Part II
Changes in bullying behavior through agents of change using the balinese fable animation "Tat Twam Asi" in Jembrana regency
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Received: 17 December 2024
Accepted: 31 March 2025
Accepted: 31 March 2025
915
Views
291
Downloads
12
HTML
Authors
Bullying was a pervasive and urgent issue, often referred to as an iceberg phenomenon, with many cases remaining hidden beneath the surface. Its consequences, including mental health deterioration, physical harm, and, in extreme cases, death, highlighted the critical need for effective intervention, particularly among adolescents. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of change agents—students empowered to influence their peers—using the Balinese fable animation «Tat Twam Asi» to reduce bullying behavior in schools. A mixed-methods approach was employed. The qualitative phase focused on the development of change agents through animation media, empha- sizing cultural relevance and student engagement. This was followed by a quantitative phase, involving 930 students across 23 selected schools. A one-group pre-test and post-test design was implemented to assess changes in students’ understanding of bullying before and after the intervention. The analysis was conduct- ed in two stages and statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, following a normality test of the data. The intervention using the «Tat Twam Asi» animation significantly improved students’ understanding of bullying. This improvement was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The use of culturally grounded animation media to develop change agents proved effective in enhancing students’ awareness and bullying prevention behaviors. This type of intervention had not previously been implemented in Indonesian elementary schools, particularly in Bali, and showed promising results.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Citations
Yamin A, Shalahudin I, Rosidin U, Somantri I. Pencegahan Perilaku Bullying pada Siswa-siswi SMPN 2 Tarogong Kidul Kabupaten Garut. J Pengabdi Kpd Masy 2018;2:293–5.
Yusuf A, Habibie AN, Efendi F, et al. Prevalence and correlates of being bullied among adolescents in Indonesia: Results from the 2015 Global School-based Student Health Survey. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2022;34:64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2019-0064
Rohmana DY, Estelina K, Iskandar I. The bullying phenomenon and handling efforts in reducing cases of bullying: a systematic review. J Ners 2020;15:557–62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v15i1Sp.20479
Terbit H. Kasus Bullying di Sekolah Peringkat Empat Terbanyak. Humaniora 2018;11019.
Sivaraman B, Nye E, Bowes L. School-based anti-bullying interventions for adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Aggress Violent Behav 2019;45:154–62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2018.07.007
Garaigordobil M, Martínez-Valderrey V. Technological resources to prevent cyberbullying during adolescence: The Cyberprogram 2.0 program and the cooperative Cybereduca 2.0 Videogame. Front Psychol 2018;9:1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00745
Octavia D, Sari RM, Merdekawati D, et al. The correlation between parental communication pattern, self-esteem, and moral disengagement with cyberbullying behavior in early adolescents: A cross-sectional study. J Ners 2022;17:42–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v17i1.24539
Kusumawaty I, Yunike Y, Elviani Y, Arifin H. Contributing factors of cyberbullying behavior among youths during Covid-19. J Ners 2021;16:54–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v16i1.24751
Megaputri PS, Wardani NLPEP, Meriyani DA, Widiarta BO. Peer group proximity and self-esteem among bully adolescents in Buleleng and Jembrana Regency. NurseLine J 2021;6:130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/nlj.v6i2.19397
Widiharto CA, Suminar DR, Hendriani W. The response of bullying victims among javanese student. J Adv Res Dyn Control Syst 2019;11:441–5.
Yusmansyah SL, Mayasari S. Bentuk dan faktor penyebab perilaku bullying forms and factors causing bullying behavior. J Bimbing dan Konseling Terap 2018;3:22–36.
Nugroho S, Handoyo S, Hendriani W. Identifikasi faktor penyebab perilaku bullying di pesantren: sebuah studi kasus. Al-Hikmah J Agama dan Ilmu Pengetah 2020;17:1–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25299/al-hikmah:jaip.2020.vol17(2).5212
Kusnandar VB. Penduduk Bali Capai 4,27 Juta, Mayoritas Usia Produktif. Databoks. 2021.
Wuryanningsih EW, Kurniyawan EH, Aisyah EC. Correlation between emotional peer support and cyberbullying behaviour in senior high school students. J Ners 2019;14:205–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v14i2.13726
Kartono DT, Suyanto B, Sugihartati R, et al. Tolerance of high school students in an urban-transition city: a study in Batu City. Cogent Educ 2025;12:2445364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2445364
Beaton JM, Doherty WJ, Wenger LM. Bullying in Indonesia. Routledge Handb Fam Commun 2020;225–40.
Patchin JW, Hinduja S. Tween cyberbullying in 2020 in partnership With Cartoon Network. 2020.
Hennelly ML, Ctori I. Technology in education. Community Eye Health J 2022;35:22–3.
Sedanayasa G, Dharmayanti P. Identifikasi Dan Analisis Tindak Kekerasan Pada Sekolah Di Kabupaten Buleleng. 2016.
Fatimatuzzahro A, Suseno MN. Menurunkan Perilaku Bullying pada Anak. J PETIK 2017;3:1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31980/jpetik.v3i2.145
Purwaningrum S, Pamungkas B. Pengembangan Model Konseling Kelompok Dengan Pendekatan Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) Untuk Mengurangi Perilaku Bullying Pada Siswa ABK di Sekolah Dasra Inklusif. J Bimbing dan Konseling Ar-Rahman 2018;4:35–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31602/jbkr.v4i1.1368
Komariah S, Studi P, Komunikasi D, et al. Perancangan Buku Cerita Bergambar Tentang Edukasi Pencegahan Bullying Untuk Anak Sekolah Dasar. 2017;4:817–23.
Amawidyati SAG. Program Psikoeduasi Bullying Untuk Meningkatkan Efikasi Diri Guru Dalam Menangani Bullying Di Sekolah Dasar. J Psikol Ilm 2017;9(3).
AlBuhairan F, Abou Abbas O, El Sayed D, et al. The relationship of bullying and physical violence to mental health and academic performance: A cross-sectional study among adolescents in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med 2017;4:61-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpam.2016.12.005
Rothon C, Head J, Klineberg E, Stansfeld S. Can social support protect bullied adolescents from adverse outcomes ? A prospective study on the effects of bullying on the educational achievement and mental health of adolescents at secondary schools in East. J Adolesc 2017;43:579–88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2010.02.007
Muñoz-Fernández N, Ortega-Rivera J, Nocentini A, et al. The efficacy of the “Dat-e Adolescence” prevention program in the reduction of dating violence and bullying. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019;16:408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030408
Calvo-Morata A, Alonso-Fernández C, Freire M, et al. Serious games to prevent and detect bullying and cyberbullying: A systematic serious games and literature review. Comput Educ 2020;157:103958. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.103958
Pratiwi WE, Sahono B. Pengembangan Buku Saku Bimbingan Konseling untuk Pencegahan Bullying di Sekolah Menengah Atas Kota Bengkulu. Diadik J Ilm Teknol Pendidik 2019;9:206–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33369/diadik.v9i1.17965
Yubilia Keysinaya E. Peran UNICEF Indonesia Menangani Perundungan di Sekolah Melalui Program Roots. Online) Sospol J Sos Polit 2022;8:207–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22219/jurnalsospol.v8i2.22258
Megaputri PS, Dewi PDPK, Widiarta MBO, Saskara GJA. Deteksi Dini Perundungan Remaja di Sekolah Menggunakan Aplikasi SIAP. Buleleng; 2023.
Angelis J De, Perasso G. Cyberbullying detection through machine learning: can technology help to prevent internet bullying? Int J Manag Humanit 2020;4:57–69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35940/ijmh.K1056.0741120
Jusri A, Rindy P, Ami R, et al. Peran Peserta Didik Sebagai Agen Perubahan Dalam Mencegah Perundungan ( Bullying ) Di SMA Negeri 1 Panyabungan didesain untuk mempromosikan nlai-nilai penghargaan terhadap orang lain , keterbukaan , bullying dapat di atasi dengan bijak . Penelitian ini di. 2024;(2).
Aini K, Rini HP. Effectiveness of animation media in enhancing empathy to prevent bullying behavior in madurese adolescents. 2024;146:01064. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202414601064
Cahyani KWD, Untara IMGS, Somawati AV. Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthes dalam Perilaku Bullying pada Film Oliver Twist. Vidya Darsan 2024;5:160–80.
Burger C, Strohmeier D, Kollerová L. Teachers can make a difference in bullying: effects of teacher interventions on students’ adoption of bully, victim, bully-victim or defender roles across time. J Youth Adolesc 2022;51:2312–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-022-01674-6
Yang A, Li X, Salmivalli C. Maladjustment of bully-victims: validation with three identification methods. Educ Psychol 2016;36:1390–1407. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2015.1015492
Hidayat I, Sailirrohmah H, Khasanah A, Putri SS. Implementasi Agen Perubahan Dalam Menanggulagi Kasus Bullying Di Lingkungan Sekolah. J Pendidik Dan Ilmu Sos 2024;2:18–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54066/jupendis.v2i2.1424
Marhaely S, Purwanto A, Aini RN, et al. Literatur Review: Model Edukasi Upaya Pencegahan Bullying Untuk Sekolah. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai 2024;5:826–34.
Ferrer-Cascales R, Albaladejo-Blázquez N, Sánchez-SanSegundo M, et al. Effectiveness of the TEI program for bullying and cyberbullying reduction and school climate improvement. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16:580. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040580
Sumaryani NM. Penanaman Nilai-Nilai Tat Twam Asi Pada Anak Usia Dini Guna Meminimalisir Bullying ( Culturing Tat Twam Asi Values in Early Children To Minimize Bullying ). JARITA J Child Educ Learn Res 2023;1:1–7.
Nursan HJ. Pembentukan Komunitas Perlindungan Kekerasan Pada Anak dan Implementasi Kegiatan. J Pengabdian, Pemberdaya Dan Penyul Kpd Masy 2022;37–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51849/jp3km.v1i2.10
Divayana DGH, Suyasa PEwA, Heryanda KK, Diatmika NLE. Pemberdayaan Literasi Digital Berbasis Tat Twam Asi Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Bullying Di Kalangan Siswa. In: Proceeding Senadimas Undiksha. 2023. p. 382–9.
Ginanjar L, Sugandi L, Gunawan G, et al. Manajemen Pendidikan Karakter dalam Pencegahan Perundungan. Edusaintek J Pendidikan Sains dan Teknol 2024;11:1892–906. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47668/edusaintek.v11i4.1305
How to Cite
Changes in bullying behavior through agents of change using the balinese fable animation "Tat Twam Asi" in Jembrana regency. (2025). Healthcare in Low-Resource Settings, 13(s2). https://doi.org/10.4081/hls.2025.13494
Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.