Case Reports

Brugada: a diagnosis or a sign?

Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Received: 3 February 2026
Published: 10 April 2026
66
Views
59
Downloads

Authors

A 59-year-old man presented with asthenia and dyspnoea. Admission ECG showed a type 1 Brugada pattern in leads V1–V2. The patient had no arrhythmic history and normal cardiac imaging. Laboratory tests revealed severe malignant hypercalcemia with renal dysfunction. After correction of calcium levels, the Brugada-like ECG changes completely resolved, and sodium-channel blocker testing was negative. This case illustrates malignant hypercalcemia as a reversible cause of Brugada phenocopy and underscores the importance of excluding metabolic disturbances before diagnosing Brugada syndrome and initiating risk stratification or device-based therapies.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

1. Zeppenfeld K, Tfelt-Hansen J, de Riva M, et al. 2022 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death. Eur Heart J 2022;43:3997–4126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehac699

2. Baranchuk A, Nguyen T, Ryu MH, et al. Brugada phenocopy: new terminology and proposed classification. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2012;17:299–314. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-474X.2012.00525.x

3. Vetta G, Magnocavallo M, Polselli M, et al. The role of the β-angle in the management of patients with suspected brugada syndrome: a metanalysis. JAFib-EP 2023;16:62–64.

4. Vetta G, Parlavecchio A, Pistelli L, et al. The r’-wave algorithm: a new diagnostic tool to predict the diagnosis of brugada syndrome after a sodium channel blocker provocation test. Sensors 2023;23:3159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s23063159

5. Anselm DD, Baranchuk A. Brugada phenocopy: redefinition and updated classification. Am J Cardiol 2013;111:453. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.09.005

6. Doundoulakis I, Pannone L, Chiotis S, et al. SCN5A gene variants and arrhythmic risk in Brugada syndrome: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart Rhythm 2024;21:1987–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.04.047

7. Sonoda K, Watanabe H, Hisamatsu T, et al. High frequency of early repolarization and brugada-type electrocardiograms in hypercalcemia. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2016;21:30–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/anec.12303

8. Sridharan MR, Horan LG. Electrocardiographic J wave of hypercalcemia. Am J Cardiol 1984;54:672–3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(84)90273-X

9. El-Sherif N, Turitto G. Electrolyte disorders and arrhythmogenesis. Cardiol J 2011;18:233–45.

10. Haïssaguerre M, Derval N, Sacher F, et al. sudden cardiac arrest associated with early repolarization. New Eng J Med 358:2016–23.

11. Kiewiet RM, Ponssen HH, Janssens ENW, Fels PW. Ventricular fibrillation in hypercalcaemic crisis due to primary hyperparathyroidism. Neth J Med 2004;62:94–6.

12. Leitch SP, Brown HF. Effect of raised extracellular calcium on characteristics of the guinea-pig ventricular action potential. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1996;28:541–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jmcc.1996.0050

13. Gaborit N, Le Bouter S, Szuts V, et al. Regional and tissue specific transcript signatures of ion channel genes in the non-diseased human heart. J Physiol 2007;582:675–93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2006.126714

CRediT authorship contribution

The authors contributed equally to the present article.

How to Cite



Brugada: a diagnosis or a sign?. (2026). Emergency Care Journal. https://doi.org/10.4081/ecj.2026.14892