https://doi.org/10.4081/gc.2025.11715

Pneumonia

Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025)
Submitted: 2 September 2023
Accepted: 20 February 2025
Published: 4 March 2025
Pneumonia, antibiotic, elderly, frailty
Abstract Views: 45
PDF: 29
HTML: 0
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Authors

Simone Dini
simone.dini@galliera.it
Geriatrics Unit, Department of Geriatric Care, Orthogeriatrics and Rehabilitation, Galliera Hospitals, Genoa, Italy.
Federica Sganga
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5053-1246
Department of Medical Sciences, Geriatric and Orthogeriatric Unit, S. Anna Hospital, Ferrara, Italy.
Mattia Brunori
Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Italy.
Aurora Vitali
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-8378
Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Italy.
Annalisa Paglia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3657-3631
Internal Medicine Unit, P.O. “S.Caterina Novella”, ASL Lecce, Galatina, Italy.
Giulia Mussatti
Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neuroscience Sciences, U.O.C Geriatrics University Hospital of Modena, Baggiovara Civil Hospital, Modena, Italy.

Pneumonia is a very frequent problem for old frail patients due to diffusion, mortality, and other negative outcomes. The most complex aspects consist of the formulation of a diagnosis and the choice of an adequate treatment. In this context, optimal management requires the correct definition of the category and the most probable etiology involved in choosing the empiric treatment. Following this, it is crucial to conduct accurate examinations and, whenever feasible, switch to targeted treatments, ensuring timely adoption of oral administration.

Dimensions

Altmetric

PlumX Metrics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
Dadonaite B, Roser M. Pneumonia. 2024. Available from: https://ourworldindata.org/pneumonia.
Kollef MH, Morrow LE, Baughman RP, et al. Health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP): a critical appraisal to improve identification, management, and outcomes--proceedings of the HCAP summit. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46:S296-334; quiz 335-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/526355
Martin-Loeches I, Rodriguez AH, Torres A. New guidelines for hospital-acquired pneumonia/ventilator-associated pneumonia: USA vs. Europe. Curr Opin Crit Care 2018;24:347-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MCC.0000000000000535
Aliberti S, Reyes LF, Faverio P, et al. Global initiative for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia (GLIMP): an international, observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 2016;16:1364-76. Erratum in: Lancet Infect Dis 2016;16:1324.
Cilloniz C, Torres A, Niederman MS. Management of pneumonia in critically ill patients. BMJ 2021;375:e065871. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-065871
Losier A, Dela Cruz CS. New testing guidelines for community-acquired pneumonia. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2022;35:128-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000824
Hyun H, Song JY, Yoon JG, et al. Risk factor-based analysis of community-acquired pneumonia, healthcare-associated pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia: microbiological distribution, antibiotic resistance, and clinical outcomes. PLoS One 2022;17:e0270261. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270261
Gentilotti E, De Nardo P, Cremonini E, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care tests in acute community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022;28:13-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.09.025
Sharma G, Goodwin J. Effect of aging on respiratory system physiology and immunology. Clin Interv Aging 2006;1:253-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/ciia.2006.1.3.253
Pilotto A, Dini S, Daragjati J, et al. Combined use of the multidimensional prognostic index (MPI) and procalcitonin serum levels in predicting 1-month mortality risk in older patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP): a prospective study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018;30:193-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-017-0759-y
Wang G, Wu P, Tang R, Zhang W. Global prevalence of resistance to macrolides in Mycoplasma pneumoniae: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022;77:2353-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkac170
McKellar QA, Sanchez Bruni SF, Jones DG. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships of antimicrobial drugs used in veterinary medicine. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2004;27:503-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2885.2004.00603.x
Barlam TF, Cosgrove SE, Abbo LM, et al. Implementing an antibiotic stewardship program: guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. Clin Infect Dis 2016;62:e51-77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw118
Kalil AC, Metersky ML, Klompas M, et al. Management of adults with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia: 2016 clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society. Clin Infect Dis 2016;63:e61-111. Erratum in: Clin Infect Dis 2017;64:1298. Erratum in: Clin Infect Dis 2017;65:1435. Erratum in: Clin Infect Dis 2017;65:2161.
Pugh R, Grant C, Cooke RP, Dempsey G. Short-course versus prolonged-course antibiotic therapy for hospital-acquired pneumonia in critically ill adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015;2015:CD007577. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007577.pub3
Martin-Loeches I, Torres A, Nagavci B, et al. ERS/ESICM/ESCMID/ALAT guidelines for the management of severe community-acquired pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2023;49:615-32. Erratum in: Intensive Care Med 2023;49:1040-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-023-07033-8
Gil R, Webb BJ. Strategies for prediction of drug-resistant pathogens and empiric antibiotic selection in community-acquired pneumonia. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2020;26:249-59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MCP.0000000000000670
Aliberti S, Di Pasquale M, Zanaboni AM, et al. Stratifying risk factors for multidrug-resistant pathogens in hospitalized patients coming from the community with pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2012;54:470-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cir840
Viasus D, Vecino-Moreno M, De La Hoz JM. Antibiotic stewardship in community-acquired pneumonia. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2017;15:351-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2017.1274232
Dequin PF, Meziani F, Quenot JP, CRICS-TriGGERSep Network. Hydrocortisone in severe community-acquired pneumonia. N Engl J Med 2023;388:1931-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2215145
Ferrer M, Cosentini R, Nava S. The use of non-invasive ventilation during acute respiratory failure due to pneumonia. Eur J Intern Med 2012;23:420-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2012.02.011

How to Cite

Dini, S., Sganga, F., Brunori, M., Vitali, A., Paglia, A., & Mussatti, G. (2025). Pneumonia. Geriatric Care, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/gc.2025.11715
Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s) Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.