https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2025.14279
The need for novel biomarkers in prostate cancer: a UrOP perspective
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Published: 11 September 2025
Dear Editor,
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains one of the most common malignancies among men worldwide, representing a major healthcare burden both in terms of morbidity and economic cost...
Downloads
1. MacLennan S, Azevedo N, Duncan E, et al. Mapping European Association of Urology Guideline Practice Across Europe: An audit of androgen deprivation therapy use before prostate cancer surgery in 6598 cases in 187 hospitals across 31 European countries. Eur Urol. 2023;83:393-401. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2022.12.031
2. Marchioni M, Primiceri G, Castellan P, et al. Conservative management of urinary incontinence following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Minerva Urol Nefrol 2020;72:555-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23736/S0393-2249.20.03782-0
3. Bauckneht M, Rebuzzi SE, Ponzano Met, al. Prognostic value of the BIO-Ra Score in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with radium-223 after the European Medicines Agency restricted use: secondary investigations of the multicentric BIO-Ra study. Cancers (Basel) 2022;14:1744. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14071744
4. Montironi R, Cimadamore A, Lopez-Beltran A, et al. Should pathologists and clinicians continue to consider Grade Group 1 (Gleason score ≤6) prostate cancer as a true carcinoma? Let's hear from patient advocates. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2025;97:13925. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2025.13925
5. De Nunzio C, Lombardo R, Baldassarri V, et al. Rotterdam mobile phone app including MRI data for the prediction of prostate cancer: A multicenter external validation. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021;47:2640-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2021.04.033
6. Scarcia M, Andracchio V, Piana A, et al. Learning curve of a multidisciplinary team for magnetic resonance imaging/transperineal ultrasonography fusion prostate biopsy. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2025;97:13933. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2025.13933
7. Pepe P, Pepe L, Fiorentino V, Curduman M, Fraggetta F. Transcutaneous perineal-ultrasound guided prostate biopsy in men with rectal amputation. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2025;97:14047. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2025.14047
8. Brant A, Campi R, Carrion DM, et al. Findings from an international survey of urology trainee experience with prostate biopsy. BJU Int 2023;131:705-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.15935
9. Mantica G, Pacchetti A, Aimar R, et al. Developing a five-step training model for transperineal prostate biopsies in a naïve residents' group: a prospective observational randomised study of two different techniques. World J Urol 2019;37:1845-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-018-2599-6
10. Cai W, Zhu D, Byanju S, et al. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging in diagnosis of suspicious prostate cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019;98:e14891. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000014891
11. Nguyen T, Lightfoot C, May D, et al. Patient reported outcomes and treatment-associated complications as a consideration in selecting localized prostate cancer management. Res Rep Urol 2025;17:195-210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S386383
12. Klotz L, Chin J, Black PC, et al. Comparison of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-targeted biopsy with systematic transrectal ultrasonography biopsy for biopsy-naive men at risk for prostate cancer: a phase 3 randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol 2021;7:534-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.7589
13. Mian BM, Feustel PJ, Aziz A, et al. Complications following transrectal and transperineal prostate biopsy: results of the ProBE-PC randomized clinical trial. J Urol 2024;211:205-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003788
14. Hu JC, Assel M, Allaf ME, et al. Transperineal versus transrectal magnetic resonance imaging-targeted and systematic prostate biopsy to prevent infectious complications: the PREVENT randomized trial. Eur Urol 2024; 86:61-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2023.12.015
15. Malinaric R, Mantica G, Lo Monaco L, et al. The role of novel bladder cancer diagnostic and surveillance biomarkers-what should a urologist really know? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022;19:9648. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159648
16. Quistini A, Chierigo F, Fallara G, et al. Androgen receptor signalling in prostate cancer: mechanisms of resistance to endocrine therapies. Res Rep Urol 2025;17:211-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S388265
17. Galasso F, Giannella R, Bruni P, et al. PCA3: a new tool to diagnose prostate cancer (PCa) and a guidance in biopsy decisions. Preliminary report of the UrOP study. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2010;82:5-9.
18. Boehm BE, York ME, Petrovics G, et al. Biomarkers of aggressive prostate cancer at diagnosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023;24:2185. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032185
19. Wagaskar VG, Sobotka S, Ratnani P, et al. A 4K score/MRI-based nomogram for predicting prostate cancer, clinically significant prostate cancer, and unfavorable prostate cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021;4:e1357. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.1357
20. Azis A, Islam AA, Rasyid H, et al. Anti-cancer activity of Ajwa Dates extract (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) through analysis of MCL-1 levels, EGFR, and p53 expressions on apoptosis in human prostate cancer cell lines PC3: an in vitro study. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2025;97:14027. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2025.14027
21. Plas S, Melchior F, Aigner GP, et al. The impact of urine biomarkers for prostate cancer detection-A systematic state of the art review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2025; 210:104699. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104699
22. Farha MW, Salami SS. Biomarkers for prostate cancer detection and risk stratification. Ther Adv Urol 2022;14:17562872221103988. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/17562872221103988
23. Smelik M, Diaz-Roncero Gonzalez D, An X, et al. Combining spatial transcriptomics, pseudotime, and machine learning enables discovery of biomarkers for prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2025; 85:2514-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-25-0269
24. Liu Y, Hatano K, Nonomura N. liquid biomarkers in prostate cancer diagnosis: current status and emerging prospects. World J Mens Health 2025;43:8-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.230386
25. Robinson HS, Lee SS, Barocas DA, Tosoian JJ. Evaluation of blood and urine based biomarkers for detection of clinically-significant prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2025;28:45-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-024-00840-0
How to Cite

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.