Knock down and insecticidal activity of the plants Tagetes minuta, Lippia javanica, Lantana camara, Tagetes erecta and Eucalyptus grandis on Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes
Abstract
The knock down and insecticidal effects of the plants Tagetes minuta, Lippia javanica, Lantana camara, Tagetes erecta and Eucalyptus grandis were evaluated against Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes in thatched round huts in Mumurwi village. Leaves from these plants were smouldered in order to provide mosquito repellent smoke. Complete knock down was provided 40 minutes after mosquitoes were exposed to smoke of T. erecta, 60 minutes to smoke of T. minuta and E. grandis and 120 minutes to smoke of L. javanica. Complete knock down of mosquitoes could not be provided by L. camara within the 140-minute exposure period. The KT50 (time required to knock down 50% of the mosquitoes) values were 24.985 minutes (T. minuta), 34.473 minutes (T. erecta), 59.119 minutes (L. javanica), 59.828 minutes (L. camara) and 25.245 minutes (E. grandis). The KT90 (time required to knock down 90% of the mosquitoes) values were 48.060 minutes (T. minuta), 50.169 minutes (T. erecta), 178.341 minutes (L. javanica), 140.220 minutes (L. camara) and 47.998 minutes (E. grandis). Mortality rates 24h after exposure were 40% (T. minuta), 100% (T. erecta), 75% (L. javanica), 90% (L. camara) and 100% (E. grandis). In conclusion, smoke from the plants T. erecta, T. minuta and E. grandis had very fast knock down rates with T. erecta, L. camara and E. grandis killing over 90% of the An. arabiensis mosquitoes. Plant smoke is important in mosquito control.
Keywords
References
- FINNEY D. J., 1952-. Probit Analysis. Cambridge, England, Cambridge University Press.
- ISLAM J., ZAMAN K., TYAGI V., DUARAH S., DHIMAN S. AND CHATTOPADHYAY
- P., 2017 - Protection against mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus using a novel insect repellent, ethyl anthranilate. - Acta Trop. 174:56-63. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.06.024.
- KURI-MORALES P.A., CORREA–MORALES F., GONZALEZ–ACOSTA C.,
- SANCHEZ-TEJEDA G., MORENO–GARCIA M., DAVALOS–BECERRIL E.,
- JUAREZ–FRANCO M.F., BENITEZ–ALVA J.I. AND GONZALEZ–ROLDAN
- J.F., 2017 - Repellency of 29 synthetic and natural commercial topical insect
- repellents against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Central Mexico. - J. Med.
- Entomol. 1;54(5):1305-1311. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjx076.
- LIVERANI M., CHARLWOOD J.D., LAWFORD H. AND YEUNG S., 2017 - Field
- assessment of a novel spatial repellent for malaria control: a feasibility and
- acceptability study in Mondulkiri, Cambodia. - Mal. J. 13;16(1):412. doi:
- 1186/s12936-017-2059-6.
- MAVUNDZA E.J., MAHARAJ R., FINNIE J.F., KABERA G. AND van STADEN J., 2011
- - An ethnobotanical survey of mosquito repellent plants in uMkhanyakude district,
- KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. - J. Ethnopharmacol. 11;137(3):1516-20.
- doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.040
- PARU R., HII J., LEWIS D. AND ALPERS M.P., 1995 - Relative repellency of woodsmoke
- and topical applications of plant products against mosquitoes.- Papua New Guinea
- Med. J. 38(3):215 - 221.
- PINTO I.C., CERQUEIRA-COUTINHO C.S., SANTOS E.P., CARMO F.A. AND RICCI -
- JUNIOR E., 2017 - Development and characterization of repellent formulations based
- on nanostructured hydrogels. - Drug Dev. Indus. Pharm. 43(1):67-73. doi:
- 1080/03639045.2016.1220564
- VERNEDE R., VAN MEER M.M. AND ALPERS M.P., 1994 - Smoke as a form of personal
- protection against mosquitos, a field study in Papua New Guinea. - Southeast Asian J.
- Trop. Med. Publ. Health 25(4):771-775
Metrics
Citations and online attention from Dimensions, Altmetric and PlumX.
License
Copyright (c) 2018 N. Lukwa, T. Mduluza, C. Nyoni, A.T. Lukwa, M. Zimba
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.