Short Reports

Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of physical fighting among Albanian adolescents

Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Received: 2 April 2026
Published: 5 May 2026
0
Views
0
Downloads

Authors

This study examined the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of physical fighting among Albanian adolescents using nationally representative data from the 2022 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey. The sample included 5454 schoolchildren aged 11, 13, and 15 years (response rate: 96%). Physical fighting was assessed through a self-administered anonymous questionnaire, with repeated fighting defined as three or more episodes in the past 12 months preceding the survey. Overall, 14% of adolescents reported frequent fighting, with boys significantly more likely than girls to engage in repeated episodes. Prevalence decreased with age, from 17% at 11 years to 10% at 15 years. Logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender, younger age, and higher family affluence were associated with increased odds of frequent fighting. These findings highlight gender and developmental differences in adolescent violence and underscore the need for targeted prevention strategies in Albania and similar settings.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

1. Cosma A, Molcho M, Pickett W. A focus on adolescent peer violence and bullying in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 2. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

2. Krug EG, Mercy JA, Dahlberg LL, Zwi AB. The world report on violence and health. Lancet 2002;360:1083-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11133-0

3. Smith L, López Sánchez GF, Oh H, et al. Temporal Trends of Physical Fights and Physical Attacks Among Adolescents Aged 12-15 years From 30 Countries From Africa, Asia, and the Americas. J Adolesc Health 2024;74:996-1005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.12.005

4. Walsh SD, Molcho M, Craig W, et al. Physical and emotional health problems experienced by youth engaged in physical fighting and weapon carrying. PLoS One 2013;8:e0056403. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056403

5. Smith L, Jacob L, Grabovac I, et al. Violence and obesogenic behavior among adolescents aged 12-15 years from 62 countries: A global perspective. Prev Med 2020:137:106123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106123

6. Smith L, McDermott D, Jacob L, et al. Violence victimization and suicide attempts among adolescents aged 12-15 years from thirty-eight low- and middle-income countries. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2020;66:147-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.08.005

7. Ttofi MM, Farrington DP, Lösel F. School bullying as a predictor of violence later in life: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective longitudinal studies. Aggress Violent Behav 2012;17:405-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2012.05.002

8. Klomek AB, Sourander A, Elonheimo H. Bullying by peers in childhood and effects on psychopathology, suicidality, and criminality in adulthood. Lancet Psychiatry 2015;2:930-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00223-0

9. Byrne K, Kulluri E, Gedeshi I. Situation Analysis of Children and Adolescents in Albania. UNICEF Albania. Tirana; 2021.

10. Peppo J. The role of physical sports activities in traditional bullying behaviors among Albanian adolescents. Balkan J Interdiscip Res 2025;11:89-100. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bjir-2025-0025

11. Czabanowski W, Mone I, Burazeri G. Health status in selected post-communist European countries: a comparative study between Poland and Albania. Cent Eur J Public Health 2024;32:63-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21101/cejph.a7804

12. Refatllari B, Stefa J, Gega M, et al. Prevalence of physical activity and its associated sociodemographic factors among schoolchildren in Albania. Healthc Low Resour Settings 2025;13:13370. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/hls.2025.13370

13. Qosja A, Çumashi R, Burazeri G, et al. Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of mental health indices among schoolchildren in Albania. Scand J Public Health 2026;54:164-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948251326827

14. Inchley J, Currie D, Piper A, et al. (eds.). Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study protocol: background, methodology, mandatory questions and optional packages for the 2021/22 survey. MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, The University of Glasgow; 2021/22.

15. Hosmer D, Lemeshow S. Applied Logistic Regression. New York: Wiley & Sons; 1989. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2531779

16. Kruti I. Aggression of Teenagers in Albania. Eur J Interdiscip Stud 2015;1:20-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v1i2.p20-26

17. Kruti I, Melonashi E. Aggression among Albanian adolescents. Int J Acad Res Reflect 2015;3:16-24.

18. Werner NE, Hill LG. Individual and peer group normative beliefs about relational aggression. Child Dev 2010;81:826-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01436.x

19. Hemphill SA, Kotevski A, Herrenkoh TI, Toumbourou JW, Carlin JB, Catalano RF, Patton GC. Pubertal stage and the prevalence of violence and social/relational aggression. Pediatrics 2010;126:e298-305. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2009-0574

20. Pickett W, Molcho M, Elgar FJ. Trends and socioeconomic correlates of adolescent physical fighting in 30 countries. Pediatrics 2013;131:e18-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-1614

CRediT authorship contribution

Rudina Çumashi, Gentiana Qirjako and Genc Burazeri contributed to the study conceptualization and design, analysis and interpretation of the data and writing of the article. Sarah Qirjako commented comprehensively on the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the submitted manuscript.

Supporting Agencies

UNFPA, UNICEF, SDC

How to Cite



Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of physical fighting among Albanian adolescents. (2026). Healthcare in Low-Resource Settings. https://doi.org/10.4081/hls.2026.15498