Potentially toxic cyanobacteria blooms in the southern Alps and the Italian peninsula
Vol. 15 No. 1 (2024)
Understanding cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins: implications for human exposure, toxicological risk assessment and management
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Received: 14 May 2024
Accepted: 6 September 2024
Accepted: 6 September 2024
875
Views
314
Downloads
11
HTML
Authors
Cyanobacteria, often referred to as blue-green algae, are a diverse group of photosynthetic bacteria that play a crucial role in various ecosystems. However, their proliferation and toxin production pose significant challenges to environmental, animal, and human health. In recent years, the interplay between cyanobacteria, climate change, and the production of cyanotoxins has garnered increased attention. This short note aims to delve into the intricate relationship between cyanobacteria and the production of cyanotoxins, the toxicological risks associated with exposure, and strategies for risk assessment and management.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Citations
Azevedo SMFO, Carmichael WW, Jochimsen EM, et al, 2002. Human intoxication by microcystins during renal dialysis treatment in Caruaru-Brazil. Toxicology. 181-182:441-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00491-2
Backer LC, McNeel SV, Barber T, et al, 2010. Recreational exposure to microcystins during algal blooms in two California lakes. Toxicon. 55:909-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.07.006
Backer LC, Miller M, 2016. Sentinel animals in a one health approach to harmful cyanobacterial and algal blooms. Vet Sci. 3:8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci3020008
Bouaïcha N, Corbel S, 2016. Cyanobacterial toxins emerging contaminants in soils: a review of sources, fate and impacts on ecosystems, plants and animal and human health. In: Soil Contamination-Current Consequences and Further Solutions. InTechOpen, London, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/64940
Buratti FM, Manganelli M, Vichi S, et al, 2017. Cyanotoxins: producing organisms, occurrences, toxicity, mechanism of action and human health toxicological risk evaluations. Arch Toxicol. 91:1049-130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-016-1913-6
Codd GA, Testai E, Funari E, Svirčev Z, 2020. Cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, and human health. In: Water treatment for purification from cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins. John Wiley and Sons Ltd., Hoboken, USA. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118928677.ch2
Funari E, Manganelli M, Buratti FM, Testai E, 2017. Cyanobacteria blooms in water: Italian guidelines to assess and manage the risk associated to bathing and recreational activities. Science of the Total Environment. 598:867-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.232
Funari E, Testai E, 2008. Human health risk assessment related to cyanotoxins exposure. Crit Rev Toxicol. 38:97-125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10408440701749454
Hilborn ED, Beasley VR, 2015. One health and cyanobacteria in freshwater systems: animal illnesses and deaths are sentinel events for human health risks Toxins. 20:1374-95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins7041374
Hilborn ED, Soares RM, Servaites JC, et al, 2013. Sublethal microcystin exposure and biochemical outcomes among hemodialysis patients. PLoS ONE. 8:e69518. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069518
Huisman J, Codd GA, Paerl HW, et al, 2018. Cyanobacterial blooms. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 16:471-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-018-0040-1
Santori N, Buratti FM, Scardala S, et al, 2020. In vitro detoxication of microcystins in human samples: variability among variants with different hydrophilicity and structure. Toxicol Lett. 322:131-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.01.007
Svirčev Z, Lalič D, Savič GB, et al, 2019. Geographical and historical overview of cyanotoxin distribution and cyanobacterial poisonings. Arch Toxicol. 93:2429-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-019-02524-4
Testai E, Buratti FM, Funari E, et al, 2016. Review and analysis of occurrence, exposure and toxicity of cyanobacteria toxins in food. Available from: https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2903/sp.efsa.2016.EN-998 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2016.EN-998
Vichi S, Buratti FM, Testai E, 2016. Microcystins: toxicological profile. p 219-238 In: Marine and freshwater toxins. Springer Nature, Berlin, Germany. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6419-4_24
World Health Organization (WHO), 2020. Cyanobacterial toxins: microcystins - Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for drinking-water quality and Guidelines for safe recreational water environments. Available from: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/wash-documents/wash-chemicals/microcystins-background-201223.pdf?sfvrsn=6d60aa6d_3
World Health Organization (WHO), 2021. Toxic cyanobacteria in water: a guide to their public health consequences, monitoring and management. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/toxic-cyanobacteria-in-water---second-edition
How to Cite
Understanding cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins: implications for human exposure, toxicological risk assessment and management. (2024). Advances in Oceanography and Limnology, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/aiol.2024.12665
Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.