TY - JOUR AU - Rourke, William AU - Khan, Shahid Aziz Anwer AU - Ahmed, Kamran AU - Masood, Shikohe AU - Dasgupta, Prokar AU - Khan, Muhammad Shamim PY - 2014/06/30 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - Painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis: Aetiology, evaluation and management JF - Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia JA - Arch Ital Urol Androl VL - 86 IS - 2 SE - Reviews - Urogynecology DO - 10.4081/aiua.2014.2.126 UR - https://www.pagepressjournals.org/aiua/article/view/aiua.2014.2.126 SP - 126-131 AB - Interstitial cystitis or bladder pain syndrome (BPS) is often a chronic debilitating condition characterised by predominantly storage symptoms and associated frequently with pelvic pain that varies with bladder filling. The aetiology is uncertain as the condition occurs in the absence of a urinary tract infection or other obvious pathology. Resulting discomfort may vary and ranges from abdominal tenderness to intense bladder spasms. Diagnosis and management of this syndrome may be difficult and is often made by its typical cystoscopic features. This review discusses the diagnosis and management of interstitial cystitis according to the current available best evidence and advises a multimodal approach in its management. ER -