Increasing young women's knowledge of early marriage issues through audiovisual media intervention

Ega Ersya Urnia; Dini Indo Virawati; Cristinawati B.R. Haloho

doi:10.4081/hls.2023.11734

Authors

Ega Ersya Urnia
egaersya@gmail.com
Midwifery Department, Health Polytechnic, Ministry of Health, East Kalimantan, Samarinda, Indonesia.
Dini Indo Virawati Midwifery Department, Health Polytechnic, Ministry of Health, East Kalimantan, Samarinda, Indonesia.
Cristinawati B.R. Haloho Midwifery Department, Health Polytechnic, Ministry of Health, East Kalimantan, Samarinda, Indonesia.

Each year, approximately 12 million girls worldwide enter into marriage before reaching the age of 18. In East Kalimantan Province, data from the 2020 National Socio-Economic Survey revealed that 11.54% of women aged 20-24 had experienced early marriage, surpassing Indonesia's average. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of audiovisual and printed health education media in enhancing the knowledge of young women about early marriage. A quasi-experimental approach was adopted, involving 32 young women aged 15-18 from a public high school in Borneo. The study measured the knowledge change in young women and their parents through questionnaires. Data analysis consisted of descriptive and inferential procedures, including normality tests, homogeneity tests, paired t tests, and analysis of variance tests. The findings demonstrated that audiovisual media significantly improved young women's awareness of early marriage (p<0.005). The study encourages midwives and healthcare professionals to employ effective health education media, particularly audiovisual tools, in educational settings to combat early marriage practices.

United Nations Children’s Fund. The State of Children in Indonesia – Trends, Opportunities and Challenges for Realizing Children’s Rights. Jakarta; 2020.

Sitaresmi MN, Indraswari BW, Rozanti NM, Sabilatuttaqiyya Z, Wahab A. Health-related quality of life profile of Indonesian children and its determinants: a community-based study. BMC Pediatr 2022;22:103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03161-0

Sanjaya A, Narendra MB, Irwanto, Suryawan A, Irmawati M, Efendi F. Early marriage and its relationship with child development. Indian J Public Heal Res Dev 2018;9:193–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2018.00993.2

Hotchkiss DR, Godha D, Gage AJ, Cappa C. Risk factors associated with the practice of child marriage among Roma girls in Serbia. BMC Int Health Hum Rights 2016;16:6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12914-016-0081-3

Windiarti S, Besral B. Determinants of Early Marriage in Indonesia: a Systematic Review. In: The International Conference on Applied Science and Health. Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand; 2018. p. 287–93.

Berliana SM, Kristinadewi PAN, Rachmawati PD, et al. Determinants of early marriage among female adolescent in Indonesia. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2021;33:1–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2018-0054

Mohan SBVR, Dhanapal S, Govindasamy V, Pillay KSP. Psychological impact of parent-adolescent communication: A critical analysis. Int J Public Heal Sci 2022;11:1210–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v11i4.21461

Berliana SM, Utami ED, Efendi F, Kurniati A. Premarital Sex Initiation and the Time Interval to First Marriage Among Indonesians. Bull Indones Econ Stud 2018 May 4;54:215–32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2018.1440067

Topping KJ. Peer Education and Peer Counselling for Health and Well-Being: A Review of Reviews. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022;19(10). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106064

Harini R, Rahmat I, Nisman WA. Improving Counselling Skills about Reproductive Health among Students by Using Peer Counselor Training. J Ners 2016;9:173–82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v9i2.2536

Urnia EE, Noor MS, Hartoyo E, et al. Meta analysis: The influence of health education about early marriage to knowledge on teenagers (Review of caution using motion picture, booklet and leaflet). J Adv Heal Med Sci 2020;6:7–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20474/jahms-6.2

Jalaludin FW, Abdul Rahim F, Tai LC, Cham TH. Spreading Faster Than the Virus: Social Media in Spreading Panic Among Young Adults in Malaysia. M. AE, K. S, M.A. AS, editors. Vol. 550 LNNS, International Conference on Information Systems and Intelligent Applications, ICISIA 2022. Faculty of Accountancy and Management, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor, Kajang, Malaysia: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH; 2023. p. 163–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16865-9_14

Barik AL, Purwaningtyas RA, Astuti D. The Effectiveness of Traditional Media (Leaflet and Poster) to Promote Health in a Community Setting in the Digital Era: A Systematic Review. J Ners 2019;14:76–80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v14i3.16988

Yunitasari E, Sa’adah K, Wahyuni SD, Harmayetty H. The effect of health education with “numbered head together” and demonstration methods on menstrual hygiene behavior in adolescent islamic boarding school. Int J Pharm Res 2020;12:1677–84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.02.297

Rasul S, Bukhsh Q, Batool S. A study to analyze the effectiveness of audio visual aids in teaching learning process at uvniversity level. Procedia - Soc Behav Sci 2011;28:78–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.016

Nanlohy W, Andi Asrina, Een Kurnaesih. The Effect of Video and Leaflets for Health Promotion on Adolescents Knowledge About Early Marriage in Rural Area Indonesia. J Aafiyah Heal Res 2021;2:33–42.

Dewi RK, Adhisty Y, Ariningtyas N, Pratiwi F. Efektifitas Leaflet Dan Ceramah Terhadaptingkat Pengetahuan Tentang Resiko Pernikahan Dini Di Sma Negeri I Baturetno Wonogiri Tahun 2017 [The Effectiveness of Leaflets and Lectures on Increasing Knowledge about the Risks of Early Marriage in Public High S. J Kesehat Masy 2017;10(2).

Naghizadeh S, Mirghafourvand M, Mohammadi A, Azizi M, Taghizadeh-Milani S, Ganbari H. Knowledge and viewpoint of adolescent girls regarding child marriage, its causes and consequences. BMC Womens Health 2021;21:351. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-021-01497-w

Susanti E. Women’s knowledge and the role of local female leaders in ending the practice of the early marriage of girls in rural communities of Indonesia. J Int Womens Stud 2019;20:13–28.

Nurmala I, Ahiyanasari CE, Muthmainnah, Wulandari A, Devi YP, Pathak R, et al. Emerging premarital sexual behavior among adolescent in indonesia: The impact of knowledge, experience, and media use to attitudes. Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol 2020;14:2864–70.

Putri IM, Rosida L. Peningkatan Pengetahuan Program Pendewasaan Usia Perkawinan di Karang Taruna Angkatan Muda Salakan Bantul Yogyakarta [Improvement of Knowledge on the Marriage Age Maturity Program in Karang Taruna Youth Generation of Salakan, Bantul, Yogyakarta]. J Pengabdi Masy Kebidanan 2019;1:5–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26714/jpmk.v1i1.4475

Intan S, Yusuf SB, Sari DF. A Review On The Use Of Audiovisual As Media In Improving Listening Skills Among Junior High School Students. English Educ J. 2022;13:303–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/eej.v13i2.25932

Bouman M, Lubjuhn S, Hollemans H. Entertainment-Education and Child Marriage. A Scoping Study for Girls Not Brides: The Global Partnership to End Child Marriage. Center for Media & Health; 2017.

Yulianti Y. Online Psychoeducation About The Dangers Of Early Marriage Against The High Incidence Of Divorce During The Pandemic. Indones J Heal Sci 2022;6:61–5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24269/ijhs.v6i1.4327

Rohmawati D, Hidayah N, Marwan M. Pelatihan Konselor Teman Sebaya Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Gizi Dan Reproduksi Pada Remaja [Training Peer Counselors in Efforts to Improve Nutrition and Reproductive Health in Adolescents]. J Community Engagem Heal 2020 Sep;3(2 SE-Articles). DOI: https://doi.org/10.30994/jceh.v3i2.46

Djanah N, Muaslimah M, Ayuningtyas RW. Pengabdian pada masyarakat dalam upaya promotif berupa peningkatan kemampuan remaja putri tentang program pendewasaan usia perkawinan (PUP) di Desa Banguntapan Bantul [Community Engagement in Promotive Efforts to Enhance the Skills of Adolescent Girls reg. J Kesehat Pengabdi Masy 2020;1:19–25.

Dewi RK, Adhisty Y, Ariningtyas N, Pratiwi F. Efektifitas Leaflet Dan Ceramah Terhadaptingkat Pengetahuan Tentang Resiko Pernikahan Dini Di Sma Negeri I Baturetno Wonogiri Tahun 2017 [The Effectiveness of Leaflets and Lectures on Increasing Knowledge about the Risks of Early Marriage in State High Sc. J Kesehat Masy 2017;10(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.47317/jkm.v10i2.93

Elba F, Wijaya M. Pengaruh Pembekalan Materi Kesehatan Reproduksi Tentang Bahaya Pernikahan Dini Untuk Remaja Putri [The Influence of Reproductive Health Education on the Dangers of Early Marriage for Adolescent Girls]. Dharmakarya 2019;8(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/dharmakarya.v8i1.20525

Oktavia ER, Agustin FR, Magai NM, Widyawati SA, Cahyati WH. Pengetahuan Risiko Pernikahan Dini pada Remaja Umur 13-19 Tahun [Knowledge of the Risks of Early Marriage Among Adolescents Aged 13-19 Years]. HIGEIA Journal Public Heal Res Dev 2018;2:239–248. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/higeia.v2i2.23031

Urnia, E. E., Virawati, D. I., & Haloho, C. B. (2023). Increasing young women’s knowledge of early marriage issues through audiovisual media intervention. Healthcare in Low-Resource Settings, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.4081/hls.2023.11734