The effect of phytohormones on the growth, cellulose production and pellicle properties of Gluconacetobacter xylinus ATCC 53582


Submitted: 1 August 2012
Accepted: 18 October 2012
Published: 26 February 2013
Abstract Views: 3599
PDF: 1804
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Authors

  • Osama Qureshi Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Canada.
  • Hira Sohail Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Canada.
  • Andrew Latos Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Janice L. Strap Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Canada.
Gluconacetobacter xylinus is a plant-associated bacterium best studied for its cellulose production. Bacterial cellulose is important in facilitating plant-microbe interactions but little is known about the effect that exogenous phytohormones have on bacterial cellulose synthesis or the growth of G. xylinus. We characterized the growth, development and effect on pellicle characteristics caused by exogenous indole-3- acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA) and zeatin (Z) over a range of concentrations (1 nM to 100 μM). These phytohormones are plant growth regulators known to be involved plant development including fruit ripening and stress tolerance. Each of these hormones stimulated G. xylinus growth and influenced its pellicle characteristics. Exogenous IAA had the greatest effect on G. xylinus pellicles. Growth in IAA produced thin pellicles with very little cellulose. In general, pellicle wet weight was inversely proportional to the bacterial cellulose yield when cultures were grown in the presence of ABA, suggesting ABA influenced pellicle density and hydration. The crystallinity index, CI (IR) of cellulose produced in the presence of each phytohormone over a variety of concentrations was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The observed effect on cellulose crystallinity was concentration and hormone dependent. GA caused the greatest alterations in crystallinity with the highest CI (IR)=0.94 at 1 μM and the lowest CI (IR)=0.47 at 500 nM. Endogenous production of hormones by G. xylinus was investigated by high performance liquid chromatography of extracts prepared from both cell pellets and culture supernatants. We found G. xylinus synthesized GA, ABA and Z but did not produce IAA.

Janice L. Strap, Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa

Assistant Professor

Supporting Agencies

UOIT-Start-up funds and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Tools and Instruments (NSERC-RTI) Grant to J.L. Strap

Qureshi, O., Sohail, H., Latos, A., & Strap, J. L. (2013). The effect of phytohormones on the growth, cellulose production and pellicle properties of Gluconacetobacter xylinus ATCC 53582. Acetic Acid Bacteria, 2(s1), e7. https://doi.org/10.4081/aab.2013.s1.e7

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